HALO & HALOVISC

HALO & HALOVISC

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTI-ARTHRITIC & CHONDROPROTECTIVE AGENT FOR USE IN HORSES

在艾滋病马在非感染性炎症性关节疾病管理中，用于马的许多早期的退化性关节疾病。

COMPOSITION
HALO INTRA-VENOUS
6mL SODIUM HYALURONATE 20mg/mL (Medium Molecular Weight 0.45 x 10 Da)

HALOVISC INTRA-ARTICULAR
2mL SODIUM HYALURONATE 10mg/mL (High Molecular Weight 1.35 x 10 Da)


ACTIONS
Sodium hyaluronate, the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid (HA), is a non-sulphate glycosaminoglycan (GAG) which is present in many body tissues including connective tissue and skin and is synovial (joint)fluid in very high concentrations. HA provides visco-electic properties to joint fluid and functions as a lubricant.

In joint disease, inflammation leads to the accumulation of inflammatory cells and degradative enzymes in the joint fluid which break down HA. The loss of HA results in lowered viscosity of the joint fluid and further influx of inflammatory cells, leading to additional cartilage damage and joint disease. Supplementation of sodium hyaluronate to the joint works to replace HA lost during joint disease and thereby restores lubrication of the joint, reduces inflammatory infiltrates and minimises ongoing damage.


INDICATIONS
To aid in the management of non-infectious inflammatory joint disease in horse.


DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Intra-Venous Use:
HALO INTRA-VENOUS contains medium molecular weight SodiumHyaluronate with lower viscosity allowing intra-venous injection.

DOSAGE: Administer 6mL HALO INTRA-VENOUS (1 vial) by strict aseptic technique. Treatment may be repeated at 3 - 9 day (optimal 7 days) intervals for a total of 5 - 7 treatments.

Intra-Articular Use:
HAVOLISC INTRA-ARTICULAR contains high molecular weight SodiumHyaluronate with very high viscosity requiring direct injection into the joint, tendon sheath or lesion.

DOSAGE: Administer 2mL HALOVISC INTRA-ARTICULAR (1 vial) by strict aseptic technique. Treatment may be repeated at 3 - 7 day (optimal 5 days) intervals for a total of 3 treatments.

Where massive cascularisation of the synovia exist, intra-venous administration may promote wider delivery of the exogenous sodium hyaluronate to synoviocytes. Intra-venous administration may promote wider delivery of the exogenous sodium hyaluronate to synoviocytes. Intra-venous administration may also be preferable for animals with chronic and/or multiple problems.

Studies have demonstrated the short-term and long-term effectiveness of Halo and Haloviac to be equivalent.

Combination of sodium hyaluronate with corticosteroids for the treatment of joint disease may produce a more rapid response than either product administered alone. In addition, sodium hyaluronate may reduce the potential deleterious effects of corticosteroids on joint structures.


PRESENTATION
HALO INTRA-VENOUS pack contains: 6 vials of 6mL Sodium Hyaluronate 10mg/mL (Medium Molecular Weight 0.45 x 10 Da)

HALOVISC INTRA-ARTICULAR pack contains: 6 vials of 2mL Sodium Hyaluronate 10mg/mL (High Molecular Weight 1.35 x 10 Da)


STORAGE
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning).

DETOMO VET

DEMOTO VET

NON-NARCOTIC SEDATIVE AND ANLGESIC FOR HORSES

可以使用在任何情况下，需要各种镇静、镇痛的治疗。可以根据使用剂量调整镇静的深度和持续时间。

COMPOSITION
Detomidine Hydrocloride 10mg/mL


FEATURES AND BENEFITS
Detomidine is a non-narcotic sedative, analgesix, and muscle relaxant, with a rapid dose-dependent effect. Sedation may be expected within 1 - 5 minutes following intravenous injection(slightly longer following intramuscular administration). Full analgesic effect is expected 5 - 15 minutes after administration. A period of sedation is maintained for 0.5 - 6 hours, depending on the dose rate given.


INDICATIONS
DETOMO VET can be used in any situation requiring reliable sedation of horses, particularly if analgesia is also required. As a sedative, the dose can be altered to produce reliable variation in depth and duration of sedation. Examples of indications for use include sedation for diagnostic or radiographic procedures; dental procedures; transport and clipping.

Although DEMOTO VET causes reduced levels of consciousness, horses will remain standing (do not support the horse artificially - it will seek and find its own unsupported balance). Horses sedated with Detomo Vet experience fewer involutary gross motor movements (e.g. involuntary kicking) than experienced under other non-narcotic sedatives such as Acepromazine or Xylazine.

RADIOGRAPHY
Use a low dose of DETOMO VET (see dosage schedule) to aid positioning for xrays.

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
Which may cause discomfort or resentment, such as catheterisation, oral and ophthaimic examinations, rectal and vaginal investigations.

MINOR SURGERY
Including application and removal of casts, dressing changes, minor suturing, surgical procedures with local anesthetic. Use alone or in cojunction with narcotics such as butorphanol.

PRE-ANAESTHESIA
DETOMO VET may be used as a reliable pre-anaesthetic sedative. At recommended dose rates DETOMO VET will produce a potentiation of the effects of CNS depressant barbiturate anaesthetic agents. The dosage of such compounds should be correspondingly reduced and administered to effect. Post anaesthetic excitement has not been observed using DETOMO VET as the pre-anaesthetic agent.

COLIC
DETOMO VET is an effective analgesic sedative in the horse, with full analgesic occuring 5 - 15 minutes after administration. Like other alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonists, some smooth muscle relaxation may occur when using DETOMO VET. Therrefore it is useful when cases of spasmodic colic have been diagnosed by the veterinarian. Do not use when colic is originating from literal or functional intestinal obstructions or from paralytic ileus. Withhold feed until the effects of the drug wear off. Failure of relief, or very short relief of pain following administration is often an indication of the need for surgical intervention in colics.


DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
DETOMO VET can be given either intravenously or intramuscularly, as required. The effect is dose-dependent. The following scale can be used as a guide:

DEPTH OF SEDATION
Mild 0.5 - 1hr...DOSE(mL/100kg) 0.1 - 0.2...DOSE (mg/kg) 0.01 - 0.02
Moderate 1.0 - 2.0hr...DOSE (mL/100kg) 0.2 - 0.4...DOSE (mg/kg) 0.02 - 0.04
Heavy 2.0 - 6.0hr...DOSE (mL/100kg) 0.4 - 0.8...DOSE (mg/kg) 0.04 - 0.08

For analgesia in cases of spasmodic colic, give 0.2 - 0.4ml/100kg (0.02 - 0.04mg/kg). This table should be considered as a base from which dosage can be modified to effect, according to the depth and duration of analgesia or sedation required.


PRESENTATION
10mL sterile glass multidose vial for injection

STORAGE
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light.

VITAMIN C

VITAMIN C

VITAMIN C INJECTION

可增强细胞组织愈合和生长，对提高自身免疫功能有特别的效果。可与抗炎剂产品结合使用。

WHAT IS IT?
VITAMIN C (Ascorbic acid) INJECTION provides Vitamin C supplement.


WHAT'S IN IT?
Ascorbic acid 500mg/mL
抗坏血酸

HOW DOES IT WORK?
Vitamin C is an essential co-enzyme in certain metabolic processes, particularly in the metabolism of the amino acidsTyrosine and Phenylalanine, collagen synthesis in ligaments, tendons and joint cartilage, synthesis of L-Carnitine, red blood cell formation, and modulating immune responses, as well as in the maintenance of healthy skin.

It also essential in the conversion of Folic acid, and in promoting the absorption of Iron from the gut. Vitamin C has a role in the metabolism of certain steroid hormones, and high levels of Vitamin C are found in the Adrenal gland in times of stress.

VITAMIN C has a major role as a potent antioxidant to remove toxic free radicals produced during hard physical exercise.

VITAMIN C is critical and essential in the maintenance and repair of joints and joint cartilage, synthesis of collagen, proteoglycans and other joint components, tooth, bone, skin and blood vessel maintenance, and in the healing and repair of wounds, burns and fractures.

VITAMIN C is essential in the synthesis of L-Carnitine. Like the B Complex vitamins, Vitamin C is water soluble, and is not well stored in the body. It is rapidly absorbed and equally as rapidly excreted, so must be supplemented on a regular basis. Horses are able to synthesise Vitamin C in normal circumstances, but failure of liver enzyme systems can initiate a deficiency.


HOW IS IT USED?
Give 5 - 10 mL intramuscular injection regularly twice weekly, or as advised by a veterinary surgeon.


CAN IT BE USED WITH ANYTHING ELSE?
Yes, VITAMIN C can be safely used with all Nature Vet Products.


PACK SIZES & PRESENTATION
100mL sterile injection for intramuscular or intravenous injection.
Protect from light. Always store in outer box.

VITAMIN B COMPLEX

VITAMIN B COMPLEX

B COMPLEX VITAMIN INJECTION

为了维持神经功能，皮肤，头发，肌肉张力，维持所有能源供应系统，必要的红血细胞的形成，帮助减少因寄生负担、损伤、手术和疾病、中老年胁迫的影响及恢复。

WHAT IS IT?
VITAMIN B COMPLEX INJECTION provides the water soluble vitamins which are essential to carbohydrate and fat metabolism, as well as for protein synthesis.


WHAT'S IN IT?
Thiamine disulphide nitrate (Vitamin B1) 20mg/mL
Riboflavin-6-phosphate (Vitamin B2) 5mg/mL
Pyridoxine hydrocloride (Vitamin B6) 20mg/mL
Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 60mg/mL
Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 20mg/mL
Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12) 200ug/mL

硝酸硫胺二硫（维生素B1），核黄素（维生素B2），盐酸吡哆醇（维生素B6），烟酰胺（维生素B3），泛酸（维生素B5），羟钴胺（维生素B12）

WHAT DOES IT DO?
Thiamine (Vitamin B1) helps maintain normal energy metabolism, and is critical to maintenance of normal muscle and nerve function. High doses help reduce nervousness.

Riboflalvin (Vitamin B2) helps cells produce energy. It is also required for growth and for health of skin and mucous membranes, as well as vision.

Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) is vital for red blood cell formation, and is required for normal metabolism in all cells. Important in maintaining healthy skin and coat.

Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) is an essential part of protein and amino acid metabolism, and in the formation of new proteins including haemoglobin. It is critical to nervous function and vision, maintains skin integrity, and is involved in red blood cell formation.

Pantothenate (Vitamin B5) plays a key role in energy metabolism, and is necessary in enxymes which make and carry glucose and fatty acids for energy supply. Vitamin B5 is involved in the manufacture of adrenal hormones and brain neuotransmitters. It is necessary for healthy skin and hair coat and has a role in reproduction.

Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) forms part of the coenzymes essential for all cells, particularly rapid turnover cells such as red blood cells, muscle and intestinal cells. The B COMPLEX VITAMINS are intimately involved with red blood cell formation. They are all closely dependant on each other, so the absence of one will critically effect the activity of all others. As water soluble vitamins, they need to be taken in on a daily basis, and they are equally rapidly excreted, so B COMPLEXT VITAMINS must be supplemented on a regular basis. The need for all B COMPLEX VITAMINS is significantly increased n all performance and working horses under stress. Animals under stress frequently have poor appetites, which may be stimulated by the B COMPLEXVITAMINS. Additionally B COMPLEX VITAMINS are of value in the recovery from parasitic burdens, injury, surgery and illness and in old age.


HOW IS IT USED?
Give 5 - 10mL by intramuscular injection regularly twice weekly, or as advised by a veterinary surgeon.


CAN THEY BE USED WITH ANYTHING ELSE?
Yes, VITAMIN B COMPLEX can be safely used with all Nature Vet Products.


PACK SIZES & PRESENTATION
100mL sterile injection for intramuscular or intravenous injection.


HOW ARE THEY STORED?
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light (always store in box).

VAM

VAM

ESSENTIAL HIGH TURNOVER VITAMINS, AMINO ACIDS MINERALS

WHAT IS IT?
VAM provides replacement of essential vitamins, amino acids and minerals which are used up rapidly by the athletic animal.


WHAT'S IN IT?
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) 150ug/mL Glycine 20mg/mL
Ferric ammonium citrate 15mg/mL L-Lysine HCI 20mg/mL
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) 10mg/mL DL Methionine 20mg/mL
Pyridoxine HCI (Vitamin B6) 10mg/ml Inositol 10mg/mL
Nicotinamide 100mg/mL Biotin 10ug/mL
D Pantothenol 15mg/mL Choline bitartrate 10mg/mL
Cobalt sulfate 240ug/mL Copper sulfate 70ug/mL


WHAT DOES IT DO?
VAM is a supplementary source of all of the essential nutritional factors required in large amounts by performance animals. VAM is formulated for use as a routine training aid, and is commonly used to both treat & prevent vitamin & mineral deficiencies from dietary deficiencies, athletic stress, parasitism and illness.

The daily requirements of all of these essential nutrients and co-factors are significantly higher for an animal athlete, due to the much higher rates of tissue formation and destruction which occur during training & racing.


HOW DOES IT WORK?
Nutrition is about building and maintaining a better body. VAM provides the essential high-turnover nutritional supplements which are in very high demand. Vitamins and Minerals are essential components of structures and metabolic processes in the body. They must essentially be fed every day in the correct amounts. With regular, consistent training, the body gradually develops and maintains itself, as long as vitamins (and minerals) are not limited.

Amino Acids are the basic building blocks of proteins. Over 50% of the body weight is protein. All bodily functions are controlled by thousands of different enxymes, all which are proteins. Haemoglobin in blood, genes and brain cells and muscle tissue are all proteins. Amino acids have a regulatory function to maintain nervous and immune systems. Demand for certain amino acids are increased during athletic training and performance.


HOW IS IT USED?
VAM is formulated specifically to support an athletic, animal under the stress of training & racing, and to help maintain appetite, as well as qact as a source of readily available essential nutrients and co-factors. Give 10 - 15mL regularly 2 - 3 times weekly, either by intramuscular or intravenous injection, or use 10mL of oral paste 2 - 3 times weekly.


CAN IT BE USED WITH ANYTHING ELSE?
Yes, VAM is routinely used in combination with many Nature Vet Products, including RECOVERY, COPHOS, AMP-5 THRIVE P, JUROCYL.


PACK SIZES & PRESENTATION
30mL multidose paste syringe - 12 per outer
250 mL paste pot - 6 per outer
100 mL sterile injection for intramuscular injection
12 x 26g chewable block in foil pack

S.A. INJECTION

S.A. INJECTION

OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE INJECTION FOR HORSES

COMPOSITION
Hydroxyprogesterone caproate 150mg/mL
Oestradiol dipropionate 1.3mg/mL


FEATURES AND BENEFITS
S.A INJECTION is commonly used to provide short term weight maintenance effect, to maintain appetite, prevent weight loss during training and racing campaigns, and to promote recovery during difficult racing and training periods.

S.A INJECTION has a role to regulate seasonal behaviour in fillies and mares (100mg daily intramuscular injection will block both oestrus and ovulation in mares), and as a calming agent in some nervous horses.

S.A INJECTION contains female hormones, not androgenic(male) hormones. There are no virllising effects in fillies, mares or geldings at normal doses.


INDICATION
Two major types of female hormone are produced by the ovary, oestrogens and progesterones. Both of these provide some weight maintenance effect, apart from their role as female sex hormones, without androgenic effect. Oestrogens prepare the uterus for later action of progesterones, and also suppress FSH and ovarian follicle development. They maintain the female secondary sex characteristics. Progesterone is primarily involved in the maintenance of pregnancy; it also suppresses oestrus, ovulation, and the production of LH. It may provide a calming effect.

The combined effect of these hormones is to provide a short term weight maintenance effect, to stimulate appetite and promote recovery and well-being in stressed horses, as well as to block oestrus and ovulation in fillies and mares.


DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
For weight maintenance: 5mL by intramuscular injection once weekly.

PRESENTATION
Sterile injection: 10mL and 50mL glass multidose vials.

STORAGE
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light.

TRIDENOSEN

TRIDENOSEN

VASODILATOR TO AID IN PREVENTION OF TYING UP IN HORSES

                   可以提高血流量，减少因疲劳和肌肉损伤造成的收缩/抽筋。

COMPOSITION
EACH ML CONTAINS;
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 2mg
Nicotinic acid 20mg
Magnesium aspartate 20mg
Potassium aspartate 20mg
Di-isopropylamine dichloroacetate 50mg
Sodium selenite 500ug

三磷酸腺苷（ATP烟碱acidMagnesium天门冬氨酸钾天冬氨酸二异丙胺二氯（DADA）亚硒酸钠



FEATURES AND BENEFITS
TRIDENOSEN is a potent dilator of the small arteries of the muscles of the body and heart. Adenosine. Nicotinic acid and DADA all dilate blood vessels that supply muscles. The reduction in vascular resistance produced by these agents leads to an increase in ease of blood flow, oxygen supply, and muscle perfusion. This increased blood flow leads to increased CO2 and lactic acid removal, reducing fatigue and muscle damage during maximal work periods. Experimental studies show that the blood supply to heart muscle is increased by more that 100% by infusion with adenosine compounds, and to skeletal muscle by 92%.

Magnesium and potassium aspartates are used in the treatment of fatigue and exhaustion in humans, and of the sodium / potassium imbalance which accompanies these fatigue states. Selenium and potassium aspartates are potent anti-oxidants, and help to limit muscle damage or azoturia incurred as a indicating that less muscle cell damage has been incurred.

TRIDENOSEN should be used to prevent cramping and Tying up (Rhabdomyolysis or azoturia). It can be successfully used to counter fatigue states, and as an aid to recovery after hard work.

TRIDENOSEN is of value in cases of "heart strain" as evidenced by ECG "T" wave changes.


DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Horse: Adult 15 - 25mL once or twice weekly
Foal 5mL once or twice weekly

Administer TRIDENOSEN by intramuscular injection, or slow intravenous injection under the direction of a veterinary surgeon.

WARNINGS
Do not administer vasodilating agents to animals in shock. For horses destined for human consumption, do not administer within 28 days of slaughter.

STORAGE
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light

PRESENTATION
100mL sterile multi-dose glass vial.

S.A. INJECTION

S.A. INJECTION

OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE INJECTION FOR HORSES

COMPOSITION
Hydroxyprogesterone caproate 150mg/mL
Oestradiol dipropionate 1.3mg/mL


FEATURES AND BENEFITS
S.A INJECTION is commonly used to provide short term weight maintenance effect, to maintain appetite, prevent weight loss during training and racing campaigns, and to promote recovery during difficult racing and training periods.

S.A INJECTION has a role to regulate seasonal behaviour in fillies and mares (100mg daily intramuscular injection will block both oestrus and ovulation in mares), and as a calming agent in some nervous horses.

S.A INJECTION contains female hormones, not androgenic(male) hormones. There are no virllising effects in fillies, mares or geldings at normal doses.


INDICATION
Two major types of female hormone are produced by the ovary, oestrogens and progesterones. Both of these provide some weight maintenance effect, apart from their role as female sex hormones, without androgenic effect. Oestrogens prepare the uterus for later action of progesterones, and also suppress FSH and ovarian follicle development. They maintain the female secondary sex characteristics. Progesterone is primarily involved in the maintenance of pregnancy; it also suppresses oestrus, ovulation, and the production of LH. It may provide a calming effect.

The combined effect of these hormones is to provide a short term weight maintenance effect, to stimulate appetite and promote recovery and well-being in stressed horses, as well as to block oestrus and ovulation in fillies and mares.


DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
For weight maintenance: 5mL by intramuscular injection once weekly.


PRESENTATION
Sterile injection: 10mL and 50mL glass multidose vials.


STORAGE
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light.

RAKELIN

RAKELIN

CALMING AGENT FOR HORSES

COMPOSITION
Reserpine 0.5mg/mL


FEATURES AND BENEFITS
RAKELIN causes a rapid release of the nerve system transmitters norepinephrine and serotonin from bount stores in the brain, subjecting them to rapid destruction by the body's own enzyme, monoamine oxidase (MOA). While "bound" the stores are notavailable to MOA. Norepinephrine and serotonin have potent effects on the metabolism of the brain. High levels (especially of norepinephrine) cause stimulation of cerebral activity and anxiety.

Lowered levels depress cerebral activity resulting in relaxation and calmness. Norepinephrine and serotonin, on release from the bound stores, undergo rapid destruction by MOA. The net depletion of these substances creates the calming and relaxing efects of RAKELIN.These effects continue for many days after administration, because levels are restored only slowly.


INDICATIONS
RAKELIN is particularly indicated where a prolonged effect to calm horses and reduce anxiety states is required, especially in the handling and management of dangerously anxious horses. Useful as an aid when unfamiliar surroundings and/or unaccustomed stress create anxiety in horses, and as a calming agent to aid in the training and education of stressed young horses.

RAKELIN produces a prolonged calming effect withou sedation, drowsiness, or loss of coordination, and vicious or dangerously anxious horses will become relaxed, sopciable and co-operative with continued treatment.

RAKELIN is indicated in any situation where stress/anxiety in horses is difficult to manage. Before using on horses that will be involved in competitive activities, the pre-competition withdrawal period should be ascertained (this may vary from one country to another depending on laboratory methods used for substance detection).


DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Give RAKELIN by intramuscular injection only. The dose administered must be sufficient to deplete Norepinephrine and Serotonin stores. Because the initial levels of these stores will vary from horse to horse, the veterinarian must be prepared to vary the dose to achieve optimum efficacy. A useful clinical sign is the brief period of diarrhoea which accompanies the initial release of bound Serotonin before its destruction by MOA. This period of increased bowel activity is a reliable indicator that the desired behavioural response should follow.

Adult Horses:
1 - 4mL weekly, or as directed by a veterinary surgeon. Give by intramuscular injection only. Some veterinarians advice giving 2 - 4mL on alternate days until desired response is achieved. Then repeat injections of 2 - 4mL at 4 - 8 days intervals. This dosage regime may be altered to suit the individual animal response. Lack of response is almost always the result of under dosing.

WARNINGS: RAKELIN may produce penile relaxation. Stallion which have been treated with RAKELIN should not be used to serve mares for at least 14 days following injection.


PRESENTATION
20mL sterile glass multi-dose vial for intramuscular injection.


STORAGE
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light.

PHYSINE

PHYSINE

L-CARNOSINE SUPPLEMENT FOR MUSCLE BUFFERING IN HORSES

WHAT IS IT?
PHYSINE is an anti-oxidant (to reduce tissue damage) and a primary muscle buffer. 

肌肽对自由基和金属离子引起得脂质氧化具有显著得抑制作用，对于运动的动物、心脏衰竭，对恢复肌肉损伤，治愈创伤，协助伤口愈合有疗效。

WHAT'S IN IT?
L-Carnosine 50mg/mL
L-肌肽



HOW DOES IT WORK?
Carnosine is related metabolically to histamine and has immuno-potentiating properties which may be of value in immune deficiency states.

Carnosine is a physiological antioxidant able to scavenge free radicals and efficiently protect the lipid phase of cell membranes. It is a mild anti-inflammatory compound and is a promine component in wound healing.

Carnosine is a major muscle buffer. In muscle tissue, phosphate and carnosine together provide approximately 90% of the buffering capacity. Intense exercise always involves an anaerobic component and thus results in significant reductions in ATP, an increase in muscle lactic acaid, and an increase in tissue acidity. Although the acidity can normally be buffered by the body, under high stress conditions the lactate buildup is too fast for the body to cope with. With increasing acidity comes premature muscle fatigue, with an associated decrease in performance.

Carnosine supplements provide the vital buffering capicity, as well as antioxidant activity to improve muscle function and delay fatigue. Carnosine improves cardiac contractability, sensitises cellular calcium channels to their activators and protects againts hydroxyl free radicals.

Carnosine supplements are indicated in athletic animals, heart failure, recovery from muscle injury, trauma, and wound healing.


HOW IS IT USED?
Give 20mL by intravenous injection daily, or as directed by a veterinarian. Best given within 4 - 6 hours of anticipated hard work.


PACK SIZES AND PRESENTATION
Sterile injection: 100mL glass multidose vial.


HOW IS IT STORED?
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light.


CAN IT BE USED WITH ANYTHING ELSE?
PHYSINE works extremely well in combination with COPHOS Bsupplements to provide approximately 90% of muscle buffering activity.

L-Carnosine is also incorporated in GREEN AMINO POWDER, to aid both performances and recovery.

NITROTAIN

NITROTAIN

POTENT SHORT ACTING ORAL ANABOLIC PASTE

WHAT IS IT?
NITROTAIN is a potent short acting oral anabolic steroid with very low potential for adverse side effects, and a short withdrawal time (providing liver and kidney functions are normal).

NITROTAIN, with extremely high anabolic activity and very low androgenic activity, is safe for fillies and mares, as well as geldings and yearlings. (NITROTAIN has an anabolic index of 19, compared to that of Testosterone (1), Stanazol (3.8), Methandriol (7), and Nandrolone (4).

NITROTAIN is the only anabolic steroid to improve peripheral blood flow, and is thus indicated in cases of laminitis, lower leg trauma or disease. No other anabolic steroid demonstrates this ability.

NITROTAIN has rapid, predictable urinary excretion, and is absorbed from the intestine within 1 - 3 hours, regardless of food intake.


WHAT'S IN IT?
Ethylestrenol 15mg/4g paste.


HOW DOES IT WORK?
As an anabolic steroid, NITROTAIN enhances protein synthesis and diminishes urinary nitrogen excretion. It has significant anti-catabolic effects to stimulate appetite and haemopoiesis, and has a positive effect on calcium, phosphorus and potassium metabolism.NITROTAIN improves stamina, muscle mass and strength. It is safe for fillies, mares and geldings, is easy to administer as a daily oral dose, and is without virilising effects. NITROTAIN has a very rapid and predictable urinary excretion rate, providing kidney and liver function are normal.

PRECAUTIONS
Meat withholding period: Not to be used in horses that may be slaughtered for human consumption. Competition withholding period: The regulations of local racing or competition authorities in your country should be observed.


HOW MUCH AND WHEN?
The recommended dose of NITROTAIN is 15mg ethylestrenol orally, daily. That is equivalent to 4g paste daily. For gonadal replacement, anticatabolic states, appetite and haemopoiesis; give4g/450kg bodyweight daily. For convalescence and repair, or rapid initation of effect, give 8g/450kg bodyweight daily. Signs of increased musculature and appetite stimulation will be apparent within 14 days, or 1 x 60g syringe. It is essential that adequate dietary protein, vitamins and minerals are always available.


PACK SIZES & PRESENTATION
60g multidose paste syringe, 250g paste pot, 1kg paste bucket.


HOW IS IT STORED?
Store in a dry place below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Replace lid tightly after use.

LACTANASE

LACTANASE

REDUCE LACTIC ACID ACCUMULATION IN MUSCLES AND DELAY MUSCLE FATIGUE.

WHAT IS IT?
LACTANASE is used to help reduce the incidence of Tying Up by reducing the buildup of lactic acid in muscle cells.


WHAT'S IN IT?
CONTAINS: 
Dichloro-acetic acid 120ug/mL
Sodium gluconate 250mg/mL


HOW DOES IT WORK?
LACTANASE contains dichloroacetic acid, which is an activator of the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. This enzyme plays a central role in the process of lacatic acid production during hard work. Supplementation with dichloroacetic acid (DCA) results in activation of the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, leading to a reduction in the rate of lactic acid production and accumulation in muscles. Elevated plasma lactate levels result in a reduction in pH which contributes to muscle fatigue and decreased muscle performance.

Supplementation with DCA has been shown to reduce lactic acid accumulation during exercise, and produce a significant delay in muscle fatigue. The pathogenesis of Exertional Rhabdomyolysis(Tying Up) in horses is related to lactic acidosis during exercise, and associated low muscle pH. Sodium bicarbonate and dimethylglycine (DMG), which may help to reduce lactic acid accumulation during exercise, have been used to assist in the prevention of Tying Up in horses. Similarly, DCA (LACTANASE) results in a reduction in the rate of lactate accumulation, and a delay in the onset of muscle fatigue.


HOW IS IT USED?
Give 20 - 40 mL by intravenous injection (diluted in 1 litre saline, or administer via catheter) 1 - 2 times weekly.

WARNING: Take care to avoid leakage from the vein. LACTANASE is highly irritant if given outside the vein. Avoid accidental contact with mucous membranes or eyes (avoid accidental spillage or spray).


PACK SIZES AND PRESENTATION
100mL sterile glass multidose vial.


HOW IS IT STORED?
Store below 25 celcius (air conditioning). Protect from light.